Nursing Workforce

This research programme aims to build a sustainable, competent, and resilient nursing workforce.

This research programme explores strategies to recruit and retain nurses, examining staffing levels, work environments, and well-being shaped by balanced workloads, mental health support, leadership, teamwork, and professional development.

Chair: Prof Sok Ying LIAW

Core Members: Prof Vivien LIM, Dr Weiling CHUA,Dr Wentao ZHOU, Dr Joko GUNAWANO, Dr Exequiel Camarig CABANDA, Dr KHAIRUL DZAKIRIN Bin Rusli

Publications

  • Kow, F. F., Chong, M. C., Lai, L. L., Lee, W. L., Chua, W. L., & Liaw, S. Y. (2024). Developing Hospital Nurses’ Clinical Reasoning Abilities in Assessing and Managing Clinical Deterioration Using a Virtual Patient Simulation: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 87, 101489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2023.101489

  • Wong, K. L., Chua, W. L., Griffiths, P., Goh, Q. L. P., Low, K. W. C., Tan, J. Q. A., & Liaw, S. Y. (2025). Teamwork between registered nurses and unlicensed assistive personnel in acute care settings: A scoping review. International journal of nursing studies advances, 8, 100293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2025.100293

  • Hong, J. Q. Y., Chua, W. L., Smith, D., Huang, C. M., Goh, Q. L. P., & Liaw, S. Y. (2023). Collaborative practice among general ward staff on escalating care in clinical deterioration: A systematic review. Journal of clinical nursing, 32(17-18), 6165–6178. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16743

  • Chua, W. L., Rahim, N., McKenna, L., Ho, J., & Liaw, S. Y. (2022). Intraprofessional collaboration between enrolled and registered nurses in the care of clinically deteriorating ward patients: A qualitative study. Australian Critical Care, 35(1):81-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aucc.2021.01.009

  • Liaw, S. Y., Tan, J. Z., Bin Rusli, K. D., Ratan, R., Zhou, W., Lim, S., Lau, T. C., Seah, B., & Chua, W. L. (2023). Artificial Intelligence Versus Human-Controlled Doctor in Virtual Reality Simulation for Sepsis Team Training: Randomized Controlled Study. Journal of medical Internet research, 25, e47748. https://doi.org/10.2196/47748

  • Chua, W. L., Teh, C. S., Basri, M. A. B. A., Ong, S. T., Phang, N. Q. Q., & Goh E. L. (2022). Nurses' knowledge and confidence in recognizing and managing patients with sepsis: A multi?site cross?sectional study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 79(2), 616-629. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15435

  • Chua, W. L., Ooi, S. L., Chan, G. W. H., Lau, T. C., S. Y. Liaw. (2022). The effect of a sepsis interprofessional education using virtual telesimulation on sepsis team care in clinical practice: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(4), e35058. https://doi.org/10.2196/35058

  • Rusli, K. D. B., Chua, W. L., Ang, W. H. D., Ang, S. G. M., Lau, Y., & Liaw, S. Y. (2023). A hybrid systematic narrative review of instruments measuring home-based care nurses' competency. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 80(7), 2647-2671. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.15904

  • Gunawan, J., Aungsuroch, Y., Fisher, M. L., Marzilli, C., & Hastuti, E. (2023). Refining core competencies of first-line nurse managers in the hospital context: A qualitative study. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 10(4),492-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.08.001

  • Gunawan, J., Aungsuroch, Y., Fisher, M., McDaniel, A., & Liu, Y. (2022). Competence?based human resource management to improve managerial competence of first?line nurse managers: A scale development. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 28(1), 12936. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12936

  • Gunawan, J., & Marzilli, C. (2022). Senior first, junior second. Nursing Forum, 57, 182-186. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12654

  • Gunawan, J., Aungsuroch, Y., Watson, J., Marzilli, C. (2022). Nusing administration: Watson’s theory of human caring. Nursing Science Quarterly, 35(2), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.1177/08943184211070582

  • Gunawan, J., Aungsuroch, Y., Fisher, M. L., Marzilli, C., & Ying L. (2020). Factors related to clinical competence of registered nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 52, 622-623. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12594

  • Gunawan, J., Aungsuroch, Y., Fisher, M. L., McDaniel, A. M., & Marzilli, C. (2020). Managerial competence of first-line nurse managers in public hospitals in Indonesia. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2020(13), 1017-1025. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S269150

  • Gunawan, J., Lee, S. S., Marzilli, C., & Liaw, S. Y. (2025). Global overview of factors influencing nursing students to pursue nursing career: A scoping review of the past decade with future implications. Nurse Education Today, 106739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2025.106739

  • Gunawan, J., Effendi, F., Tsujita, Y., & Hisaya, O. (2024). Caring across borders: Indonesian care worker experiences of working in Japan.International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care. 20(2), 181-198. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMHSC-05-2023-0043

  • Aungsuroch, Y., Gunawan, J ., Juanamasta, I. G., & Montayre, J. (2024). Updating factors influencing nurse work engagement in the hospital settings: a systematic review. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 16, 157–176. https://doi.org/10.2147/JHL.S451056

  • Aungsuroch, Y., Gunawan, J., & Fisher, M. L. (2022). Redesigning the Nursing and Human Resource Partnership: A Model for New Normal Era. Palgrave Macmillan Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5990-4

  • Cabanda, E., Yeoh, B. S. A., Acedera, K. A. F., & Walton-Roberts, M. (2025). Neoliberalism in question: The Philippines’ nurse education and labour export as liberal neo-statist development agenda. International Migration, 63(2), e13339. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.13339

  • Cabanda, E. (2020). “We Want Your Nurses!”: Negotiating Labor Agreements in Recruiting Filipino Nurses. Asian Politics & Policy, 12(3), 404–431. https://doi.org/10.1111/aspp.12547

  • Chua M, Ang W, Siew A, Chen HC. (2024) Personal And Workplace Characteristics As Predictors Of Intent-To-Stay Among Registered Nurses: An Exploratory Quantitative Multicentre Study. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 81, -. doi: 10.1111/JAN.16459

  • Wong KW, Wu X, Dong Y. (2024) Interventions To Reduce Burnout And Improve The Mental Health Of Nurses During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review Of Randomised Controlled Trials With Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. 33, 324-343. doi: 10.1111/INM.13251

  • Chen JP, Dai YM, Qin Y, Liang SP, Cheng G, Liu Y, Yang CZ, He HG, Shen Q. (2024) Factors Influencing Turnover Intention Among Male Nurses In China: A Large-Scale Descriptive Correlational Study. International Nursing Review. 71, 13-19. doi: 10.1111/INR.12827

  • Mohamed FBM, Cheng LJ, Chia XEC, Turunen H, He HG. (2024) Global Prevalence And Factors Associated With Workplace Violence Against Nursing Students: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, And Meta-Regression. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 75, -. doi: 10.1016/J.AVB.2023.101907

  • Tang LK, Yobas P, Wong DNX, Pikkarainen M, Zhang R, Ho D, He HG. (2024) Personal And Work-Related Factors Associated With Post-Traumatic Growth In Nurses: A Mixed Studies Systematic Review. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 56, 563-584. doi: 10.1111/JNU.12973

  • Müller AM, Ngiam NSP, Dunn M, Samarasekera DD, Goh BYS, Goh CEH, Toh A, Lee J, Yau WP, Lau LST, Gallagher PJ. (2024) Developing Empathy In Healthcare Professions Students: Protocol Of A Mixed-Methods Non-Controlled Longitudinal Intervention Study. Frontiers in Medicine. 11, -. doi: 10.3389/FMED.2024.1452516

  • Kim NR, Lee JY, Park J, Lau ST. (2024) Ecological Predictors Of Cultural Competence Among Nurses In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study. Nursing and Health Sciences. 26, -. doi: 10.1111/NHS.13115

  • Ang WHD, Lim ZQG, Lau ST, Dong J, Lau Y. (2024) Unpacking The Experiences Of Health Care Professionals About The Web-Based Building Resilience At Work Program During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Framework Analysis. JMIR Medical Education. 10, -. doi: 10.2196/49551

  • Kow FF, Chong MC, Lai LL, Lee WL, Chua WL, Liaw SY. (2024) Developing Hospital Nurses’ Clinical Reasoning Abilities In Assessing And Managing Clinical Deterioration Using A Virtual Patient Simulation: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Clinical Simulation in Nursing. 87, -. doi: 10.1016/J.ECNS.2023.101489

  • Joensuu R, Suleiman K, Koskenranta M, Kuivila H, Oikarainen A, Juntunen J, Goh YS, Liaw SY, Mikkonen K. (2024) Factors Associated With The Integration Of Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Nurses Into Healthcare Organisations: A Systematic Review Of Quantitative Studies. Journal of Nursing Management. 2024, -. doi: 10.1155/2024/5887450

  • Ung DSK, Goh YS, Poon RYS, Lin YP, Seah B, Lopez V, Mikkonen K, Yong KK, Liaw SY. (2024) Global Migration And Factors Influencing Retention Of Asian Internationally Educated Nurses: A Systematic Review. Human Resources for Health. 22, -. doi: 10.1186/S12960-024-00900-5

  • Tan AJQ, McKenna L, Bramley A, van Houwelingen T, Tan LLC, Lim YJ, Lau ST, Liaw SY. (2024) Telemedicine Entrustable Professional Activities For Nurses In Long-Term Care: A Modified Delphi Study. Nurse Education Today. 140, -. doi: 10.1016/J.NEDT.2024.106264

  • Tan AJQ, Rusli KDB, McKenna L, Tan LLC, Liaw SY. (2024) Telemedicine Experiences And Perspectives Of Healthcare Providers In Long-Term Care: A Scoping Review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 30, 230-249. doi: 10.1177/1357633X211049206

  • Teng E, Lim VKG, Lou M, Zhang L. (2024) Do Impression Management Motives Matter? The Differential Effects Of Job Insecurity On Job Crafting And Helping Behavior. International Journal of Stress Management. 32, 87-98. doi: 10.1037/STR0000346

  • Nie Q, Lim VKG, Peng J. (2024) The Mixed Blessing Of Work Connectivity Demands: Self-Regulatory Focus As A Moderator. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 45, 960-980. doi: 10.1002/JOB.2813

  • Woo BFY, Tam WWS, Hartman K, Zhou W. (2024) Factors Associated With Registered Nurses' Academic Performance In Advanced Practice Nursing Preparatory Education: A Retrospective Cohort Study. International Nursing Review. 71, 318-325. doi: 10.1111/INR.12881

  • Zhang Z, Hu Y, Liu S, Feng X, Yang J, Cheng LJ, Ramazanu S, Wu XV. (2024) The Effectiveness Of E-Mental Health Interventions On Stress, Anxiety, And Depression Among Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Systematic Reviews. 13, -. doi: 10.1186/S13643-024-02565-6

  • Kilpatrick K, Savard I, Audet LA, Costanzo G, Khan M, Atallah R, Jabbour M, Zhou W, Wheeler K, Ladd E, Gray DC, Henderson C, Spies LA, McGrath H, Rogers M. (2024) A Global Perspective Of Advanced Practice Nursing Research: A Review Of Systematic Reviews. PLoS ONE. 19, -. doi: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0305008

  • Woo BFY, Ng WM, Tan IF, Zhou W. (2024) Practice Patterns, Role And Impact Of Advanced Practice Nurses In Stroke Care: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 33, 1306-1319. doi: 10.1111/JOCN.16970

  • Xu C, Koh KWL, Zhou W. (2024) The Development Of Advanced Practice Nurses In Singapore. International Nursing Review. 71, 238-243. doi: 10.1111/INR.12810

  • Ang WHD, Lim ZQG, Lau ST, Dong J, Lau Y.. Unpacking the Experiences of Health Care Professionals About the Web-Based Building Resilience At Work Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Framework Analysis. JMIR Med Educ. 2024 Jan 31;10:e49551. doi: 10.2196/49551.. 10.2196/49551

  • Ang WHD, Shorey S, Zheng ZJ, Ng WHD, Chen EC, Shah L, Chew HSJ, Lau Y.. Evaluating the online Resilience Skills Enhancement programme among undergraduate students: A double-blind parallel randomized controlled trial. Stress Health. 2024 Jan 5. doi: 10.1002/smi.3367. Online ahead of print.. 10.1002/smi.3367

  • Azman NBN, Zhou TW, Shorey S.. Perceptions of healthcare professionals and students about interventions addressing implicit bias and microaggression: A mixed-studies systematic review. Nurse Educ Pract. 2023 Nov;73:103820. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103820. Epub 2023 Oct 31.. 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103820

  • Chee JMP, Rusli KDB, Tan ZYA, Tan AJQ, Ang SGM, Lau ST, Seah B, Liaw SY.. Perceptions of community care among nursing students: A cross-sectional study with implications to nursing workforce. Nurse Educ Today. 2024 Jun;137:106162. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106162. Epub 2024 Mar 14.. 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106162

  • Chua WL, Rusli KDB, Aitken LM.. Early warning scores for sepsis identification and prediction of in-hospital mortality in adults with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2024 Jun;33(6):2005-2018. doi: 10.1111/jocn.17061. Epub 2024 Feb 20.. 10.1111/jocn.17061

  • Chua WL, Smith D, Wee LC, Ting KC, Yeo MLK, Mordiffi SZ, Liaw SY.. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Attitudes Towards Recognising Early and Noticeable Deterioration (ATREND) scale. J Clin Nurs. 2023 Jun;32(11-12):2684-2699. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16350. Epub 2022 May 8.. 10.1111/jocn.16350

  • Chua WL, Teh CS, Basri MABA, Ong ST, Phang NQQ, Goh EL.. Nurses' knowledge and confidence in recognizing and managing patients with sepsis: A multi-site cross-sectional study. J Adv Nurs. 2023 Feb;79(2):616-629. doi: 10.1111/jan.15435. Epub 2022 Sep 7.. 10.1111/jan.15435

  • Chua WL, Wee LC, Lim JYG, Yeo MLK, Jones D, Tan CK, Khan FA, Liaw SY.. Automated rapid response system activation-Impact on nurses' attitudes and perceptions towards recognising and responding to clinical deterioration: Mixed-methods study. J Clin Nurs. 2023 Sep;32(17-18):6322-6338. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16734. Epub 2023 Apr 23.. 10.1111/jocn.16734

  • Fei Y, Yang S, Zhu Z, Lv M, Yin Y, Zuo M, Chen Y, Sheng H, Zhang S, Zhang M.. Workplace violence and burnout among Chinese nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: does the sense of coherence mediate the relationship?. BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 8;23(1):573. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05060-9.. 10.1186/s12888-023-05060-9

  • García-Iglesias JJ, Yildirim M, Gómez-Salgado J, Goh YS.. Editorial: Mental health in healthcare workers and its associations with psychosocial work conditions. Front Public Health. 2024 Apr 3;12:1399134. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1399134. eCollection 2024.. 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1399134

  • Heng TJT, Shorey S.. Experiences of moral distress in nursing students - A qualitative systematic review. Nurse Educ Today. 2023 Oct;129:105912. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105912. Epub 2023 Jul 17.. 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105912

  • Ho JT, See MTA, Tan AJQ, Levett-Jones T, Lau TC, Zhou W, Liaw SY.. Healthcare professionals' experiences of interprofessional collaboration in patient education: A systematic review. Patient Educ Couns. 2023 Nov;116:107965. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107965. Epub 2023 Sep 1.. 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107965

  • Hong JQY, Chua WL, Smith D, Huang CM, Goh QLP, Liaw SY.. Collaborative practice among general ward staff on escalating care in clinical deterioration: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2023 Sep;32(17-18):6165-6178. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16743. Epub 2023 May 8.. 10.1111/jocn.16743

  • Kim NR, Lee JY, Park J, Lau ST.. Ecological predictors of cultural competence among nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Nurs Health Sci. 2024 Jun;26(2):e13115. doi: 10.1111/nhs.13115.. 10.1111/nhs.13115

  • Lau ST, Siah CJR, Loh WL, Rusli KDB, Schmidt LT, Lim FP, Liaw SY.. Enhancing professional competency in clinical procedures using head-mounted display virtual reality - a mixed method study. Med Educ Online. 2023 Dec;28(1):2232134. doi: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2232134.. 10.1080/10872981.2023.2232134

  • Liaw SY, Rusli KDB, McKenna L, Tan JZ, Lau ST.. Effectiveness of an online program using telesimulation for academic-clinical collaboration in preparing nurse preceptors' roles. J Clin Nurs. 2023 Apr;32(7-8):1115-1124. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16339. Epub 2022 Apr 25.. 10.1111/jocn.16339

  • Ng M, See C, Ignacio J.. Qualitative systematic review: The lived experiences of males in the nursing profession on gender discrimination encounters. Int Nurs Rev. 2023 Dec 22. doi: 10.1111/inr.12921. Online ahead of print.. 10.1111/inr.12921

  • Rodrigues, N. G., Han, C. Q. Y., Devi, K., Chi, Y., Selvam, U., Wee, F., Ang, E., Chan, Y., Wu, X.V.(2022). Perspectives of Nurse Preceptors on a Web-based Clinical Pedagogy Program and Clinical Teaching: A Descriptive Qualitative Study, Nursing and Health Sciences, DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12916

  • Rusli KDB, Chua WL, Ang WHD, Ang SGM, Lau Y, Liaw SY.. A hybrid systematic narrative review of instruments measuring home-based care nurses' competency. J Adv Nurs. 2023 Oct 17. doi: 10.1111/jan.15904. Online ahead of print.. 10.1111/jan.15904

  • Rusli KDB, Lau ST, Tan JZ, Liaw SY.. Academic-Practice Collaboration Using Virtual Telesimulation to Support Students' Clinical Practice. Nurse Educ. 2023 Jan-Feb 01;48(1):E6-E10. doi: 10.1097/NNE.0000000000001243. Epub 2022 Aug 1.. 10.1097/NNE.0000000000001243

  • Rusli, Kc., Ong, S. F., Speed, S., Seah, B., McKenna, L., Lau, Y., & Liaw, S. Y. (2022). Home-based care nurses' lived experiences and perceived competency needs: A phenomenological study. Journal of Nursing Management, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13694

  • Tan AJQ, Chua WL, McKenna L, Tan LLC, Lim YJ, Liaw SY.. Interprofessional collaboration in telemedicine for long-term care: An exploratory qualitative study. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2023 Nov;55(6):1227-1237. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12925. Epub 2023 Jul 22.. 10.1111/jnu.12925

  • Tang LK, Yobas P, Wong DNX, Pikkarainen M, Zhang R, Ho D, He HG.. Personal and work-related factors associated with post-traumatic growth in nurses: A mixed studies systematic review. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2024 May 4. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12973. Online ahead of print.. 10.1111/jnu.12973

  • Ung DSK, Goh YS, Poon RYS, Lin YP, Seah B, Lopez V, Mikkonen K, Yong KK, Liaw SY.. Global migration and factors influencing retention of Asian internationally educated nurses: a systematic review. Hum Resour Health. 2024 Mar 1;22(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12960-024-00900-5.. 10.1186/s12960-024-00900-5

  • Wong KW, Wu X, Dong Y.. Interventions to reduce burnout and improve the mental health of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials with meta-analysis. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2024 Apr;33(2):324-343. doi: 10.1111/inm.13251. Epub 2023 Nov 20.. 10.1111/inm.13251

  • Woo BFY, Ng WM, Tan IF, Zhou W.. Practice patterns, role and impact of advanced practice nurses in stroke care: A mixed-methods systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2024 Apr;33(4):1306-1319. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16970. Epub 2023 Dec 22.. 10.1111/jocn.16970

  • Woo BFY, Tam WWS, Hartman K, Zhou W.. Factors associated with registered nurses' academic performance in advanced practice nursing preparatory education: A retrospective cohort study. Int Nurs Rev. 2023 Aug 30. doi: 10.1111/inr.12881. Online ahead of print.. 10.1111/inr.12881

  • Wu, X.V., Selvam, U.P., Wang, W., Ang, E.N.K., Devi, K.M., Chan, Y.S., Wee, F.C., Zhao, S., Sehgal, V., Chi, Y. (2022). A web-based clinical pedagogy program to promote professional development for nurse preceptors: a quasi-experimental research. Nurse Education in Practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103288

  • Yoong SQ, Wang W, Chao FFT, Dong Y, Goh SH, Chan YS, Lim S, Seah ACW, Wu XV, Zhang H.. Using peer feedback to enhance nursing students' reflective abilities, clinical competencies, and sense of empowerment: A mixed-methods study. Nurse Educ Pract. 2023 May;69:103623. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103623. Epub 2023 Mar 28.. 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103623

Relevant Categories
Leadership, Teamwork and Professional Development
Recruitment and Retention
Staffing Levels, Work Environment and Well-Being
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