{"id":5748,"date":"2017-06-05T01:32:11","date_gmt":"2017-06-04T17:32:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/?page_id=5748"},"modified":"2023-04-03T13:27:04","modified_gmt":"2023-04-03T05:27:04","slug":"hepato-ii-clinicopathologic-correlates","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/hepato-ii-clinicopathologic-correlates\/","title":{"rendered":"II. Clinicopathologic Correlates"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t<p>1. Hepatic disease can have many clinical presentations:<\/p>\n<ul> \t\n<li>Systemic signs and symptoms &#8211; fever, jaundice, malnutrition with loss of weight, bleeding tendency, generalised oedema, malaise<\/li>\n\n<li>Localised signs and symptoms &#8211; pain, hepatomegaly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2. Here are <strong>4 main clinical manifestations<\/strong> that are common symptom\/signs complexes in liver disease:<\/p>\n<ol> \t\n<li><strong>Hepatitis<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Liver failure<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Cirrhosis<\/strong><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Jaundice<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>They have many causes, and can occur simultaneously.<\/p>\n<p>3. <strong>Blood investigations:\u00a0<\/strong>In addition to the history and clinical examination, there are many blood investigations that can help in diagnosing liver disease. These include\u00a0<strong>liver functions tests<\/strong> and other tests for hepatic dysfunction. This table is taken from your lecture notes, which has other slides with more details.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/LFT-2jwriii.jpg\" alt=\"LFT-2jwriii\" itemprop=\"image\" height=\"914\" width=\"1162\" title=\"LFT-2jwriii\" onerror=\"this.style.display='none'\"  \/>\n\t<p><strong>The video mindmap below helps explain the 4 main symptom complexes in relation to the main liver functions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>\n\t\tMINDMAP: LIVER FUNCTION AND MAIN CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS\n\t<\/h3>\n\t<p>If you can&#8217;t play the video, watch it here on YouTube: <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/2zDNCiWy0Lw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/2zDNCiWy0Lw<\/a><\/p>\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/192088544\" width=\"640\" height=\"481\" frameborder=\"0\" webkitallowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/i-overview-what-is-normal\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tI. Overview: What&#8217;s Normal\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/hepato-ii-clinicopathologic-correlates\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tII. Clinicopathologic Correlates\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/iii-main-diseases-approach\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIII. Main Diseases: Approach\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/iv-liver-pots-approach\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIV. Liver Pots: Approach\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/hepatobiliary-system-quiz\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tV. Hepatobiliary System: Quiz\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/hepatobiliary-system-one-page-summary-study-notes\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHepatobiliary System: Study Notes and One Page Summary\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHepatobiliary System Chapter Home\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPathology Demystified\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Hepatic disease can have many clinical presentations: Systemic signs and symptoms &#8211; fever, jaundice, malnutrition with loss of weight, bleeding tendency, generalised oedema, malaise Localised signs and symptoms &#8211; pain, hepatomegaly 2. Here are 4 main clinical manifestations that are common symptom\/signs complexes in liver disease: Hepatitis Liver failure Cirrhosis Jaundice They have many [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5737,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5748","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>NUS Pathweb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/hepatobiliary-system\/hepato-ii-clinicopathologic-correlates\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1. 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