{"id":5330,"date":"2017-05-04T14:32:39","date_gmt":"2017-05-04T06:32:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/?page_id=5330"},"modified":"2023-04-03T11:14:37","modified_gmt":"2023-04-03T03:14:37","slug":"cell-damage-and-death-exercises","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/","title":{"rendered":"Cell Damage and Death: Exercises"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\n\t\tQuestion 1:\n\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\"Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa\"\n\t

a. What organ do the microscopic pictures feature?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

The kidney (go revise your histology!)\u00a0 Look for the glomeruli, tubules and vessels.<\/p>\n

Here is a labelled picture, in the abnormal area. Identify the structures in the normal picture too.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n\t

b.Describe the microscopic changes seen in the picture on the RIGHT<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

There is increased eosinophilia ( tissues appear more reddish ) of the cells. The glomeruli and tubules exhibit preserved cell outlines with loss of nuclei.<\/p>\n\t

c. What is the pathologic process?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Coagulative necrosis (cell death).<\/p>\n\t

d. What is the diagnosis<\/b> and the likely cause<\/b>?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Diagnosis: Renal infarct<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cause: Likely from thromboembolism, causing occlusion of the renal artery branch(es).<\/p>\n

\n\t\tQuestion 2:\n\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\"LVH-Gross-15323yp\"\n\t

57 year old man. Referred to cardiologist after routine health screening.<\/p>\n\t

a. Describe the main abnormality seen and give the diagnosis<\/b>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

This is a transverse section of the heart, with the left ventricle showing concentric (even, circumferential) thickening of the wall.<\/p>\n

Diagnosis: Left ventricular hypertrophy<\/strong><\/p>\n\t

b. What specific type of cellular response does this represent? What is a likely cause in this patient?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Hypertrophy<\/strong> is a form of cellular adaptation.<\/p>\n

This occurs in tissues which are unable to enter the cell cycle and proliferate. It may be in response to increased work demand.<\/p>\n

The likely causes in the left ventricle are resistance to outflow, eg. hypertension, or aortic valve stenosis.<\/p>\n\t

c. What would you expect to see on microscopic examination of the abnormal area?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer (include links to Talking Slide)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Enlargement of the cells without increase in cell number.<\/p>\n

Here is the Talking Slide<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

If you can’t play the video, watch it here on YouTube: https:\/\/youtu.be\/ApsEW2_qArQ<\/a><\/p>\n

\n\t\tQuestion 3:\n\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\"MI-edited-2jyven7-618x478\"\n\t

63 year old man. Complained of severe chest pain and sweating before collapsing.<\/p>\n\t

a. Describe the main abnormality seen and give the diagnosis<\/b>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

This is a transverse section of the heart, showing \u00a0both the right and left ventricles.\u00a0 At the anteroseptal region (anterior wall and interventricular septum), there is an irregular area of pale discoloration, associated with mild haemorrhage (ill-defined darker blackish areas).<\/p>\n

Diagnosis: Myocardial infarction.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t

b. What specific type of cellular response does this represent?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Cell death (necrosis)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The specific pattern of necrosis here is coagulative necrosis.<\/p>\n\t

c. Describe what you are likely to see under the microscope.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\tAnswer (with link to Talking Slide)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Densely eosinophilic cardiomyocytes with preserved cellular outlines. No nuclei are discernible (loss of nuclei). Scattered inflammatory cells are noted among the cardiac muscle cells, indicating an inflammatory response.<\/p>\n

Here is the Talking Slide\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

If you can’t play the video, watch it here on YouTube: https:\/\/youtu.be\/kO-5EnqyVbo<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tI. Cell Adaptation\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tII. Cell Injury and Death\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIII. Cell Damage and Death: Talking Pots and Slides\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIV. Cell Damage and Death: Exercises\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tV. Cell Damage and Death: Quiz\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCell Damage and Death: Study Notes and One Page Summary\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPathology Demystified\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Question 1: a. What organ do the microscopic pictures feature? Answer Expand The kidney (go revise your histology!)\u00a0 Look for the glomeruli, tubules and vessels. Here is a labelled picture, in the abnormal area. Identify the structures in the normal picture too. b.Describe the microscopic changes seen in the picture on the RIGHT. Answer Expand […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5313,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5330","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNUS Pathweb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Question 1: a. What organ do the microscopic pictures feature? Answer Expand The kidney (go revise your histology!)\u00a0 Look for the glomeruli, tubules and vessels. Here is a labelled picture, in the abnormal area. Identify the structures in the normal picture too. b.Describe the microscopic changes seen in the picture on the RIGHT. Answer Expand […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"NUS Pathweb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-04-03T03:14:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/\",\"name\":\"\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-05-04T06:32:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-04-03T03:14:37+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg\",\"width\":1485,\"height\":725},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Pathology Demystified\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Cell Damage and Death\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Cell Damage and Death: Exercises\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/\",\"name\":\"NUS Pathweb\",\"description\":\"Pathology made easy\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#organization\",\"name\":\"NUS Medicine PathWeb\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/NUS-Medicine-Logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/NUS-Medicine-Logo.png\",\"width\":300,\"height\":61,\"caption\":\"NUS Medicine PathWeb\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/pathweb\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC3FweZwONWAicB72vF9P5ew\/playlists\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"NUS Pathweb","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_description":"Question 1: a. What organ do the microscopic pictures feature? Answer Expand The kidney (go revise your histology!)\u00a0 Look for the glomeruli, tubules and vessels. Here is a labelled picture, in the abnormal area. Identify the structures in the normal picture too. b.Describe the microscopic changes seen in the picture on the RIGHT. Answer Expand […]","og_url":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/","og_site_name":"NUS Pathweb","article_modified_time":"2023-04-03T03:14:37+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/","url":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/","name":"","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg","datePublished":"2017-05-04T06:32:39+00:00","dateModified":"2023-04-03T03:14:37+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Kidney-Micro-18ye0pa.jpg","width":1485,"height":725},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/cell-damage-and-death-exercises\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Pathology Demystified","item":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Cell Damage and Death","item":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cell-damage-and-death\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Cell Damage and Death: Exercises"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#website","url":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/","name":"NUS Pathweb","description":"Pathology made easy","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#organization","name":"NUS Medicine PathWeb","url":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/NUS-Medicine-Logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/NUS-Medicine-Logo.png","width":300,"height":61,"caption":"NUS Medicine PathWeb"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/pathweb\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UC3FweZwONWAicB72vF9P5ew\/playlists"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5330"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5330"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5330\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35880,"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5330\/revisions\/35880"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5313"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}