{"id":4535,"date":"2017-04-03T12:14:54","date_gmt":"2017-04-03T04:14:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/?page_id=4535"},"modified":"2023-04-03T12:39:00","modified_gmt":"2023-04-03T04:39:00","slug":"function","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/function\/","title":{"rendered":"I. Function"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t<p>To begin learning about cardiovascular diseases, we must first understand what the Cardiovascular system does, i.e. Function.<\/p>\n<p>Click on the tabs below to read more.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--label-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\">MAIN FUNCTION<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\"><i>Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Heart&#8217;s function is to pump blood through the body<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>-&gt; supply tissues with vital nutrients<\/p>\n<p>-&gt; facilitates excretion of waste products <strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Functional components necessary for cardiac function:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em><u>Myocardium <\/u><\/em>&#8211; Engine (pump)<\/li>\n<li><em><u>Valves<\/u><\/em> (part of endocardium) &#8211; Maintain unidirectional blood flow (channels blood in correct direction)<\/li>\n<li><em><u>Conduction system<\/u><\/em> &#8211; Maintain coordinated pumping rhythm.<\/li>\n<li><em><u>Blood supply<\/u><\/em> &#8211; Provides sufficient nutrients to heart &#8211; Coronary arteries (3 main: Left anterior descending artery, left circumflex arteries, right coronary artery)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--label-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\">HEART FAILURE<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#\" id=\"fl-accordion--icon-0\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"fl-accordion--panel-0\"><i>Expand<\/i><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Once we understand the main functions of the heart, we can appreciate what happens when there is heart failure. Heart failure is a multifactorial disease that may have a single or multiple causes, and it is the common end point of many cardiovascular diseases.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Definition <\/strong>of heart failure: Clinical condition where &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the heart is unable to meet the body&#8217;s demands (despite compensatory mechanisms)<\/li>\n<li>although the venous filling pressure is normal or raised<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Congestive heart failure:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Heart failure involving both right and left ventricles<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fluid accumulates in the lungs, legs, abdominal cavity<\/li>\n<li>Reduced flow of arterial blood from the heart can lead to peripheral circulatory failure (cardiogenic shock)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The main features of Heart Failure are described in a mindmap in section <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/main-cvs-diseases\/\">IV: Main Cardiovascular Diseases<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/function\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tI. Function\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/classifying-cardiovascular-diseases\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tII. Classifying Cardiovascular Diseases\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/clinical-manifestations\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIII. Clinical Manifestations\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/main-cvs-diseases\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIV. Main CVS Diseases\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/cvs-media-gallery\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tV. CVS: Talking Pots and Slides\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/cvs-quiz\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVI. CVS: Quiz\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/cvs-study-notes-one-page-summary\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCVS: Study Notes and One Page Summary\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCardiovascular System Chapter Home\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\" target=\"_self\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPathology Demystified\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To begin learning about cardiovascular diseases, we must first understand what the Cardiovascular system does, i.e. Function. Click on the tabs below to read more. MAIN FUNCTION Expand Heart&#8217;s function is to pump blood through the body -&gt; supply tissues with vital nutrients -&gt; facilitates excretion of waste products \u00a0 Functional components necessary for cardiac [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1104,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4535","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>NUS Pathweb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/pathweb\/pathology-demystified\/cardiovascular-system\/function\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"To begin learning about cardiovascular diseases, we must first understand what the Cardiovascular system does, i.e. Function. 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