{"id":3227,"date":"2025-12-03T02:19:02","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T02:19:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/?p=3227"},"modified":"2025-12-03T02:19:02","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T02:19:02","slug":"advances-in-rna-based-cancer-therapeutics-pre-clinical-and-clinical-implications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/publications\/advances-in-rna-based-cancer-therapeutics-pre-clinical-and-clinical-implications\/","title":{"rendered":"Advances in RNA-based cancer therapeutics: pre-clinical and clinical implications"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-3228\" src=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/12\/20251009-GS-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"950\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/12\/20251009-GS-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/12\/20251009-GS-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/12\/20251009-GS-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/12\/20251009-GS.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"Abs1\" class=\"c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item\">Abstract<\/h2>\n<p>Cancer therapy has been revolutionised by the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics, providing several strategies and mechanisms to regulate gene expression via messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and RNA aptamers. The present review highlights the recent advances in the preclinical development and clinical applications of RNA-based therapeutics, focusing on the delivery strategies, biological targets, and pharmacological optimisation, together with key clinical data. mRNA therapeutics, especially those adapted from vaccine platforms are being developed for the cancer immunotherapy and protein replacement, while siRNAs and ASOs enable highly specific gene silencing and splice correction. miRNA therapies show potential for diverse oncogenic pathway control, despite ongoing challenges in the delivery and specificity. RNA aptamers are obtaining attention as tumor-targeting agents in the drug delivery systems. Progress in lipid nanoparticles, chemical modifications, and tissue-specific delivery has improved the stability and efficacy of these agents. Early-phase clinical trials report encouraging outcomes in both solid tumours and haematologic malignancies, particularly in overcoming resistance and modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). Although challenges remain in scalability, immune activation, and deep-tumour penetration, RNA-based strategies are advancing towards integration into clinical oncology. Continued refinement of delivery technologies and targeted trial designs will be critical for translating these therapies into effective, personalized cancer treatments.<\/p>\n<p>Full Article:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12943-025-02463-y\">https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12943-025-02463-y<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Abstract Cancer therapy has been revolutionised by the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics, providing several strategies and mechanisms to regulate gene expression via messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and RNA aptamers. The present review highlights the recent advances in the preclinical development and clinical applications of RNA-based therapeutics, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9345,"featured_media":3228,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Advances in RNA-based cancer therapeutics: pre-clinical and clinical implications - Pharmacology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/publications\/advances-in-rna-based-cancer-therapeutics-pre-clinical-and-clinical-implications\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Advances in RNA-based cancer therapeutics: pre-clinical and clinical implications - Pharmacology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; Abstract Cancer therapy has been revolutionised by the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics, providing several strategies and mechanisms to regulate gene expression via messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and RNA aptamers. 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