{"id":2714,"date":"2025-01-27T08:40:12","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T08:40:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/?p=2714"},"modified":"2025-05-20T07:18:55","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T07:18:55","slug":"bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/publications\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\/","title":{"rendered":"Bispecific antibodies as powerful immunotherapeutic agents for urological cancers: Recent innovations based on preclinical and clinical evidence"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-2715\" src=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/02\/20250127-APK-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"950\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/02\/20250127-APK-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/02\/20250127-APK-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/02\/20250127-APK-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/02\/20250127-APK.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-size: 24pt;\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n<p>Conventional immunotherapy has emerged as a key option for cancer treatment. However, its efficacy has been limited in urological cancers, especially prostate cancer, because of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), difficulty in drug delivery, aberrant immune response, and damage to normal cells. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are engineered proteins with two different antigen-binding domains, designed using different technologies and in various formats. BsAb-based tumor immunotherapy has yielded optimistic results in preclinical and clinical investigations of many tumor types, including urological cancers. However, a series of challenges, including tumor heterogeneity, TME, Ab immunogenicity, adverse effects, serum half-life, low response rates, and drug resistance, hamper the application of BsAbs. In this review, we provide insights into the most common BsAb platforms with different mechanisms of action, which are under preclinical and clinical research, along with ways to overcome the challenges in BsAb administration for treating urological cancer.<\/p>\r\n<p>Full article:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijbs.96155\"> https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/ijbs.96155<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Abstract Conventional immunotherapy has emerged as a key option for cancer treatment. However, its efficacy has been limited in urological cancers, especially prostate cancer, because of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), difficulty in drug delivery, aberrant immune response, and damage to normal cells. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are engineered proteins with two different antigen-binding domains, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9345,"featured_media":2715,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bispecific antibodies as powerful immunotherapeutic agents for urological cancers: Recent innovations based on preclinical and clinical evidence - Pharmacology<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/publications\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bispecific antibodies as powerful immunotherapeutic agents for urological cancers: Recent innovations based on preclinical and clinical evidence - Pharmacology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; Abstract Conventional immunotherapy has emerged as a key option for cancer treatment. However, its efficacy has been limited in urological cancers, especially prostate cancer, because of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), difficulty in drug delivery, aberrant immune response, and damage to normal cells. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are engineered proteins with two different antigen-binding domains, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/publications\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Pharmacology\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-27T08:40:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-20T07:18:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/medphc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/33\/2025\/02\/20250127-APK.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Woon Fei\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Woon Fei\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/publications\\\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/publications\\\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Woon Fei\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ea3ccd10ab2f2bba51fd804396287cb0\"},\"headline\":\"Bispecific antibodies as powerful immunotherapeutic agents for urological cancers: Recent innovations based on preclinical and clinical evidence\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-27T08:40:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-20T07:18:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/publications\\\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":170,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/publications\\\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/33\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/20250127-APK.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Publications\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/publications\\\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\\\/medphc\\\/publications\\\/bispecific-antibodies-as-powerful-immunotherapeutic-agents-for-urological-cancers-recent-innovations-based-on-preclinical-and-clinical-evidence\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bispecific antibodies as powerful immunotherapeutic agents for urological cancers: Recent innovations based on preclinical and clinical evidence - 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