{"id":4250,"date":"2023-03-13T16:51:53","date_gmt":"2023-03-13T08:51:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/?page_id=4250"},"modified":"2026-01-30T14:11:10","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T06:11:10","slug":"phm5013","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5013\/","title":{"rendered":"PHM5013 &#8211; Precision Drug Discovery and Pharmacogenomics"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4250\" class=\"elementor elementor-4250\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a7af21 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a7af21\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1f1c220\" data-id=\"1f1c220\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-946348f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"946348f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d4c434 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d4c434\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Course Overview<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43faf36 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43faf36\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85384c6\" data-id=\"85384c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f96a0ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f96a0ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #000000;\">This course provides an integrated understanding of modern drug discovery within the framework of precision medicine. It bridges computational, genomic, and regulatory sciences to demonstrate how drug response and safety are influenced by molecular structure, genetic variation, and population diversity. Students will learn key computational approaches\u2014such as virtual screening, QSAR modelling, molecular dynamics, and AI-based prediction\u2014alongside pharmacogenomic principles that guide individualized therapy. The course further explores regulatory pathways and pharmacovigilance through case studies from the Health Sciences Authority (HSA) and international agencies, highlighting the translation of genomic data into clinical and policy applications.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bc5c98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8bc5c98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89981aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"89981aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Learning Outcomes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ded01ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ded01ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">By the end of this module, students will be able to:<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">1. Explain the principles of modern drug discovery and pharmacogenomics.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">2. Apply computational and AI tools to optimize molecular drug design.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">3. Interpret genetic and population-based determinants of variability in drug efficacy and safety.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">4. Evaluate regulatory frameworks and real-world case studies of pharmacogenomics-driven pharmacovigilance<\/span><\/p><ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\"><li style=\"list-style-type: none;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c49a3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4c49a3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1797eb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1797eb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Course Outline<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a0e2f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a0e2f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">1. <strong>Pharmaceutical Development Pipeline<\/strong>: An integrated overview of the drug discovery and development continuum, from target identification through preclinical optimization and clinical trial design to regulatory submission<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">2. <strong>Target Identification and Computer-driven Drug Discovery:<\/strong> Systematic approaches to drug target validation and virtual screening methodologies<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">3. <strong>Structural Biology and Computational Modelling in Drug Design:<\/strong> Application of biomolecular structure prediction and Molecular Dynamics simulations for structure-based drug discovery<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">4. <strong>Translation and Clinical Pharmacogenomics:<\/strong> Integration of genomic variation into drug development, clinical pharmacology, and population health\u2014from pharmacogenetic biomarkers to regulatory frameworks<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ffbe37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4ffbe37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54b6f3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"54b6f3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Course Requirements<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-587fb2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"587fb2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Students must have taken the core course <strong>PHM5001 Human Genomics in Precision Medicine<\/strong> and <strong>PHM5005 AI and Machine Learning in Precision Medicine<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdf22c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bdf22c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b49c198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b49c198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Course Coordinators<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2794ccc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2794ccc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-beec95b\" data-id=\"beec95b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06d0084 elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"06d0084\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.comp.nus.edu.sg\/cs\/people\/zhangy\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2025\/11\/zhang.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"zhang\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProf Yang Zhang\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProfessor, Department of Computer Science, School of Computing <br> <br>\n\nProfessor, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine <br> <br>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProfile\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b7d65af\" data-id=\"b7d65af\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7e26eb elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"f7e26eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.a-star.edu.sg\/sign\/people\/adjunct-investigators\/khai-pang-leong\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2025\/11\/lkp.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"lkp\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tA\/Prof Leong Khai Pang\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSenior Consultant, Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital <br> <br>\nAdjunct Associate Professor, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, NTU\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProfile\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1dff1aa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1dff1aa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5456759\" data-id=\"5456759\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b36a2bf elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"b36a2bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/faculty\/xavier-chee-wezen\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2025\/11\/Picture4.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Picture4\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDr Xavier Chee \t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br> <br> Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine <br> <br>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProfile\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ed32301\" data-id=\"ed32301\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Course Overview This course provides an integrated understanding of modern drug discovery within the framework of precision medicine. It bridges&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8259,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4250","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PHM5013 - Precision Drug Discovery and Pharmacogenomics - Department of Biochemistry \u2013 School of Medicine, National University of Singapore<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5013\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PHM5013 - Precision Drug Discovery and Pharmacogenomics - Department of Biochemistry \u2013 School of Medicine, National University of Singapore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Course Overview This course provides an integrated understanding of modern drug discovery within the framework of precision medicine. 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