{"id":4224,"date":"2023-03-13T16:25:11","date_gmt":"2023-03-13T08:25:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/?page_id=4224"},"modified":"2026-01-23T08:19:48","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T00:19:48","slug":"phm5009","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/","title":{"rendered":"PHM5009 &#8211; Precision Oncology"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4224\" class=\"elementor elementor-4224\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a7af21 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a7af21\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1f1c220\" data-id=\"1f1c220\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-946348f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"946348f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d4c434 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d4c434\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Course Overview<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43faf36 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"43faf36\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-85384c6\" data-id=\"85384c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f96a0ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f96a0ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" class=\"TextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">This<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\"> course <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">will\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">provide an in-depth exploration of the molecular and genomic foundations of cancer, emphasizing how these insights inform individualized diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">Key topics include<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">\u00a0cancer\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">hallmarks and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">genomics,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">identification of novel targetable vulnerabilities<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">, biomarker\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">discovery<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">\u00a0and validation<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" class=\"TextRun Highlight SCXW146624298 BCX8\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">The course also\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">introduces core artificial intelligence and machine learning concepts, progressing from foundational mathematical principles to advanced deep learning and transformer-based models, with a focus on biomedical and medical imaging applications relevant to precision oncology. It also addresses model optimization, evaluation, and the ethical considerations necessary for responsible AI deployment in healthcare.<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" class=\"TextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" class=\"TextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">We will also explore clinical applications of AI in pathological diagnosis and surgical oncology as well as precision oncology applications in biotech,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">pharma<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">\u00a0and patient care<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW146624298 BCX8\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bc5c98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8bc5c98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89981aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"89981aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Learning Outcomes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ded01ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ded01ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\"><li><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Explain what precision oncology is and how it differs from traditional cancer care.\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Describe\u00a0the molecular and genomic basis of cancer: Key genetic, epigenetic, and\u00a0signaling\u00a0alterations involved in\u00a0tumor\u00a0initiation, progression, and metastasis.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Understand how genomic and other \u201comics\u201d data are generated and interpreted\u00a0and how these\u00a0data\u00a0can\u00a0inform\u00a0diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Evaluate the role of advanced molecular diagnostics in the identification of therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancer.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Evaluate surgical strategies in relation to molecular profiles,\u00a0critically appraise the use of genomics in surgical decision-making, including risk-reduction surgeries.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Understand the principles of digital pathology and\u00a0use of\u00a0AI tools in modern oncologic pathology workflows.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">Explain fundamental AI and machine learning principles, including regression, loss functions, and optimization.<\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">Design, optimize, and evaluate machine learning models. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">Understand and apply deep learning architectures such as CNNs and RNNs for image and biomedical data.<\/span><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\">A<span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">nalyze\u00a0and compare classical ML methods with modern deep learning approaches.<\/span><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">Develop\u00a0proficiency\u00a0in the use\u00a0of publicly available and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">custom-designed bioinformatics tools<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">\u00a0for precision oncology applications.<\/span><\/span><\/li><li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">Recognize the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">ethical, safety, and regulatory challenges<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\">involved in\u00a0precision oncology.<\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><ul role=\"list\"><\/ul><\/div><div style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><ul role=\"list\"><\/ul><\/div><div style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><ul role=\"list\"><\/ul><\/div><div style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><ul role=\"list\"><\/ul><\/div><div style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><ul role=\"list\"><\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c49a3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4c49a3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b49c198 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b49c198\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Course Coordinators<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2794ccc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2794ccc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-beec95b\" data-id=\"beec95b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06d0084 elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"06d0084\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/faculty\/tay-mei-sian-yvonne\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/01\/bchtmsy.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"bchtmsy\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tA\/Prof Yvonne Tay\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tAssociate Professor &amp; Principal Investigator, CSI, NUS\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProfile\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b7d65af\" data-id=\"b7d65af\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dad186 elementor-cta--layout-image-left elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"7dad186\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.a-star.edu.sg\/docs\/librariesprovider19\/science\/scientific-programme\/innovative-technologies\/weimiao-yu\/team.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2026\/01\/weimiao.png);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"weimiao\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDr Yu Weimiao\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__description elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHead,\nComputational &amp; Molecular Pathology Lab (CMPL), Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item \">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tProfile\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Course Overview This course will\u00a0provide an in-depth exploration of the molecular and genomic foundations of cancer, emphasizing how these insights&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8259,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4224","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PHM5009 - Precision Oncology - Department of Biochemistry \u2013 School of Medicine, National University of Singapore<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PHM5009 - Precision Oncology - Department of Biochemistry \u2013 School of Medicine, National University of Singapore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Course Overview This course will\u00a0provide an in-depth exploration of the molecular and genomic foundations of cancer, emphasizing how these insights...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Department of Biochemistry \u2013 School of Medicine, National University of Singapore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-23T00:19:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/\",\"name\":\"PHM5009 - Precision Oncology - Department of Biochemistry \u2013 School of Medicine, National University of Singapore\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-13T08:25:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-23T00:19:48+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/phm5009\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/medicine.nus.edu.sg\/bch\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"PHM5009 &#8211; 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